Separation of Powers
The separation of powers is a fundamental principle in many constitutional governments, dividing governmental authority into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. This division typically includes the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, each with its own specific functions and powers.
Purpose:
The separation of powers aims to prevent tyranny and abuse of power by ensuring that no single branch can exercise all functions of government.
Key Branches:
Legislative: This branch makes laws, typically represented by a parliament or congress.
Executive: This branch enforces laws, often headed by a president or prime minister.
Judicial: This branch interprets laws and resolves disputes, often including a court system.
Checks and Balances:
The separation of powers is often accompanied by a system of checks and balances, where each branch has the power to limit the actions of the other branches. For example, the legislative branch can impeach and remove the executive branch, while the judicial branch can review the laws passed by the legislative branch.
Historical Influence:
The concept of separation of powers has roots in the writings of philosophers like Montesquieu, who advocated for dividing government power into distinct branches.
